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The following Titles Reflect the Requested Application Sequencing
Vector and Wellheads engineering turbine bypass system
This paper has a good flow diagram with valve locations. The turbine bypass system is a very important component in power stations, and of a difficult service too.
Revision Date: 9/9/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , Vector & Wellheads Engineering SL, Valve, Turbine
Valvtechnologies Turbine Bypass System
The steam turbine bypass system will allow the operator to keep the gas turbine and the heat recovery system generator (HRSG) on-line in the event of a steam turbine trip or to facilitate faster start-ups of the CT and HRSG.
Revision Date: 9/9/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , Valvtechnologies, Valve, Turbine
Proper Steam Bypass System Design Avoids Steam Turbine Overheating
The steam bypass system is generally used during the following modes of operation: start-up and shutdown, steam turbine trip, steam turbine no-load or low-load operation, and simple-cycle operation. On start-up, the isolation of the CTG/HRSG from the STG allows the CTG to be placed on load without delay and well before the heat-up and roll-off of the STG. In addition, a faster start-up of the STG is possible since the bypass system provides the capability of close temperature matching between the steam inlet temperature and the steam turbine metal temperature.
Revision Date: 9/9/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , Turbine, Valve, Power Engineering
Upgrade FGD systems with an absorber tray says B&W
Retrofitting an absorber tray into an open spray tower is an effective way to maximize the contact between the flue gas and the slurry. The tray maximizes the contact between the gas and the slurry due to the vigorous frothing action that occurs on the tray. The absorber tray also evenly distributes the flue gas flow across the absorber cross-section, promoting optimum contact as the flue gas passes through the absorber spray levels.
Revision Date: 8/29/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Babcock & Wilcox, Tray Scrubber, Upgrade
Babcock Power uses CFD simulation for LPA screen design
The efficient operation of SCR units requires good ash removal systems in place to deal with large particle ash. A CFD flow simulation study like the one described in this paper can confirm that hopper design, screen choice and placement are appropriate and optimum. Through CFD simulation, we have ensured that the velocity in the economizer outlet, hopper and LPA screen region are kept as low as possible and that the chosen outlet and hopper design produces a high aerodynamic capture rate for the popcorn ash particles. For the utility boiler considered here the screen is made up of panels and based on the flow simulation results the screen panels near the top experience high velocity flue gas flow and more prone to erosion. A different material choice for these sections of the screen will ensure the screen has adequate life.
Revision Date: 8/22/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Babcock Power, Screen
Sheldon Station has shown the low total cost of ownership of P84 bags
The Sheldon Station consists of two Babcock & Wilcox cyclone boilers burning Powder River Basin coal. Baghouses for each unit were constructed in 1999 and 2000, respectively, replacing ESPs. The bags are built to operate at 310F with a 3.5:1 cfm/ft 2 gas-to-cloth ratio. The dust loading is 0.97 grains per actual cubic foot (gr/acf) at the inlet and 0.005 gr/acf at the outlet.
Revision Date: 8/22/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Evonik Industries, Bags, Power
36,000 hours of operation for P84+PPS bags at Eskom
Eskom owns and operates more than 40 GW of installed capacity and is the largest utility in Africa. The Arnot Power Station consists of six nominally rated 350-MW coal-fired units originally installed between 1968 and 1975.
Revision Date: 8/21/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Eskom, Evonik Industries, Bag, Power, South Africa
5-year bag life for Dry scrubber with PPS/P84 bags.
A Czech coal burning power plant is provided with a fluidised bed boiler, a dry scrubber with calcium hydroxide as a reagent and a bag house. The baghouse is a pulse jet design with 550,000 aM3/hr capacity. The initial set of filter bags was based on a 100 % PPS material. The bags failed on high-pressure drop caused by filter material blinding. It was decided to replace these bags with bags based on a PPS/P84 blended fibres in order to improve the filtration efficiency and prevent the dust penetration into the cross section of the material. F i g u r e 9 shows the condition of the needle felt before the replacement was required and the condition of the new PPS/P84 filter media with a well-defined dust cake and no dust penetration. This bag house is achieving more than five years of bag life operation.
Revision Date: 8/21/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Evonik Industries, Bag, Czech Republic
Tata Power March 2019 bid request for 1 x 67.5 MW DSI FGD system
Design, engineering, manufacture, shop fabrication, assembly, shop testing, type testing at manufacturer's works, inspection, packing, supply, loading, unloading, transportation, proper preservation at site, storage & handling at site, erection/installation, construction, site testing and commissioning and performance testing of DSI based Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) System for 100% of the flue gas flow rate for the 1 x 67.5 Unit No 1 of Jojobera Thermal power plant located at near Jamshedpur, East Singhbum District, Jharkhand State, India In order to limit the SO2 emissions in the thermal power units, it is proposed to install Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) system at Jojobera for Unit 1 for treating 100% of Flue gas coming out of this unit. The outlet SO2 emissions shall be limited to 600 mg/Nm3 as per latest standards stipulated by MoEF&CC under Environment (Protection) Amendment Rules 2015 for thermal power plants. Bidder to offer a Sodium Bicarbonate based dry sorbent injection system (DSI).
Revision Date: 8/20/2019
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Tata Power, Direct Sorbent Injection, India
Advanced Sensors for Power Plant Instruments
Mettler Toledo is offering pH and other instruments with advanced digital sensors that go well beyond basic measurement and digital signal conversion within the sensor. Such sensors fully exploit the opportunities available when measurements are made right next to the sensor element. They don’t compromise the measuring circuit design in order to accommodate the resistance and capacitance of long analog signal cables, especially for conductivity measurement. They don’t incur uncertainty when different measuring circuits are used to calibrate the sensor than are used in the final installation because the measuring circuit is inseparable from the sensor elements. In addition, they always utilize correct calibration data for their measurements because on-board memory retains it. Advanced digital sensors include real-time predictive diagnostics. These take the sensor’s cumulative operating exposure into account to forecast in real time when calibration, maintenance and replacement will be needed. Taken together, the sum of these advanced sensor capabilities are designated Intelligent Sensor Management or ISM®. ISM sensors are able to warn of the need for service before loss of accuracy or failure, making the measurements more reliable and increasing the efficiency of maintenance scheduling. They can also eliminate unnecessary servicing
Revision Date: 9/12/2018
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , Mettler Toledo, Instrument, Ultrapure Water, pH, Conductivity
Coal Fired Boiler Pump Repair and Replacement Market
Coal fired boiler pump forecasts can be determined for the largest purchasers who purchase most of the pumps.
Revision Date: 9/5/2018
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Pump, Pump Engineer
Electric actuators should be considered for BFR valves - Rexa
The Boiler Feedwater Recirculation (BFR) Valve, protects the plant’s investment in the boiler feedpump while still allowing the feedpump to deliver the required flow to the boiler. Depending upon plant type and design, the feedwater recirculation valve sees upstream pressure in the 2500-4500PSI range, and is responsible for taking almost a full pressure drop across the valve. Since this valve is usually closed during normal operation of the plant, the valve is typically designed for Class V shutoff, and needs to fail open on loss of power. Electric actuators have a number of advantages which have been demonstrated by a quik ROI when they replaced pneumatic actuators on this application.
Revision Date: 3/22/2017
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Rexa Inc., Steam, High Performance Valve
Valve Market strategy focused on large purchasers such as BHE
This article in the December issue of Valve World by Mcilvaine advises suppliers of high performance valves to identify the largest purchasers and build the marketing program around them. An opportunity to work with BHE who spends $ 90 million/yr on valves is explained.
Revision Date: 11/7/2016
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221111 - Hydroelectric Power Generation 水力发电, 221114 - Wind Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , BHE Environmental, Inc., Valve
PacifiCorp replaces string wound filters with Pall pleated media filter for ACC condensate
In 2011 the Wyodak plant of Pacific Corp replaced its air cooled condenser for a 365 MW coal fired boiler. It also upgraded to 20 micron filtration elements in a new full flow condensate filter. The higher efficiency filter has reduced iron deposition. More efficient 6 micron filter elements were also available but the additional cost seemed to outweigh the advantages.
Revision Date: 8/29/2016
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , PacifiCorp, Pall Corporation, Cartridge Filter, Cooling
Burner modification to entrained flow gasifier to eliminate thermal NOx entering boiler
Coal is fired with very limited hot air in an entrained-flow gasifier In the initial combustion step, the carbon consumes all the oxygen and creates a hot, fuel-rich gas and frees the sulfur from the coal, Limestone (CaCO3) provides calcium as CaO Sulfur reacts with CaO to form calcium sulfide (CaS) - a solid particle at these temperatures, CaS destroys the NOx (NOx< 10 ppm) to form elemental nitrogen (N2) At the high temperatures, coal ash (alumina & silica) mix with the CaS and melts to form a slag product; the sulfur is thereby encapsulated in the slag About half the slag drains from the chamber to a water quench slag tank. Clean red-hot gases enter the furnace & cool to < 2300 F, where thermal NOx formation is frozen. Any slag particles solidify to a fine fly ash Staged over-fire air is then carefully added to complete combustion in the furnace to CO2 & H2O and to avoid any thermal NOx formation. The hot exhaust gases exit the furnace to the back pass at the original design conditions.
Revision Date: 8/1/2016
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , NOx, Burner
FLS has two ranges of catalytic filters. One uses fiberglass media and is suitable for temperatures well beyond the mormal 325F seen at coal plants. The ceramic filter is capable of operating prior to the air pre heater or at temperatures of more than 850F. The one layer fiberglass bag can achieve around 40% NOx removal while the 3 layer bag can achieve 80%.
Revision Date: 8/1/2016
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , FLSmidth, Catalytic Filter
B&W has sold 1,100 roll wheel pulverizers
B&W has designed, manufactured and placed in operation more than 1,100 roll wheel pulverizers, grinding a wide range of coals at power stations throughout the world. The B&W Roll Wheel® pulverizer has set the standard for high availability, reliable operation and low maintenance. These benefits contribute to stable steam generator performance regardless of station duty.
Revision Date: 12/2/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Babcock & Wilcox, Pulverizer
Pall filters reduce oil contamination in coal pulverizers
Power generation industry studies have shown that coal pulverizers are an area where improved equipment reliability is badly needed. The Electric Research Institute (EPRI) has determined that 1% of plant availability is lost on average due to pulverizerrelated problems. EPRI also identified oil contamination and excessive leakage as two areas where pulverizer drive train failures account for 53% of pulverizer problems. Pall has installed lube filters which reduce oil contamination and improve plant operation.
Revision Date: 12/2/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Pall Corporation, Cartridge Filter, Pulverizer
E.ON is one of the top 200 purchasers of flow control and treatment equipment. E.ON owns generating plants with different fuels. It is setting up a new company which will own the coal fired generating facilities. It is in the construction stage of a new coal plant in Germany and has recently bought a coal fired plant in Brazil.
Revision Date: 11/2/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , E.ON
Impact of Oxyfuel Operations on Emissions and Ash Properties Based on E.ON's 1MW CTF
Revision Date: 8/6/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , E.ON, Oxycombustor, Emissions, Corrosion, SO2, SO3, Optimizing
EGTEI methodology: update of costs for LCP- Draft minutes of third meeting of June 11, 2012
Objectives of the meeting The objectives of the meeting were to examine the state of progress of the work by the secretariat CITEPA and KIT, respectively for SO2 / PM (CITEPA) and NOx (KIT). A series of slides for discussion was prepared by the secretariat and discussed during the meeting in order to progress in the estimations (presentation pdf joined to these minutes). Main results of the discussions After some slides describing the main results of the meeting of 31 January, the success of the questionnaires send on April 5th, 2012 was discussed. The EGTEI secretariat has developed two questionnaires. One questionnaire in EXCEL format aims at collecting cost data for plants. A second questionnaire was developed to answer to comments of experts to the document prepared for the January meeting, presenting the methodology and assumption/parameters which have to be updated. This document is a word document summarizing the parameters used in the methodology and asking for comments and/or new data.
Revision Date: 8/6/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Oxycombustor, SO2, NOx, SO3, Optimizing
Recycled Flue Gas Properties – An Utility View
Indicators of Successful Plant Operation Indicators for Oxyfuel Technology Flue Gas Recycle Options Limits of Recycled Flue Gas Properties Conclusions
Revision Date: 8/6/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , E.ON, Flue Gas, Oxycombustor, Corrosion, SO3, Optimizing
IEAGHG Special: Conbustion Workshop on Oxyfuel, Addressing SO2, SO3, Hg and Corrosion Issues
IEAGHG Special: Conbustion Workshop on Oxyfuel, Addressing SO2, SO3, Hg and Corrosion Issues
Revision Date: 8/6/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Oxycombustor, Mercury, SO2, SO3, Corrosion, Combustion, Optimizing
Eliminating Feedwater Control Valve Damage with Multi-stage, Multi-path Flowserve Control Valves
The feedwater control valve (located downstream of the high-pressure feedwater heaters) performs the critical function of controlling the feedwater flow rate over a wide range of service conditions. During startup and shutdown, the feedwater control valve restricts flow by controlling near the closed position. The pressure drop across the valve is high, which can cause severe cavitation and noise. Over time, these severe service conditions will damage a control valve. Even a properly designed valve will not work well unless it is connected to a correctly sized actuator. An undersized actuator will cause unstable flow conditions while an oversized unit has a slow response to input signals. Flowserve has successfully addressed these issues with specially engineering multi-stage multi-path, or MSMP, designs. MSMP trim channels the flow through a series of orifices to reduce the pressure in stages. This prevents cavitation from occurring inside the valve. The velocity of the feedwater is kept low to prevent erosion of the valve body and to reduce noise and vibration. MSMP trim is customer-designed for the full range of service conditions. MSMP trim prevents cavitation when throttling near the seat but acts like a conventional control valve when controlling near the full-open position. As the pressure drop across the valve decreases, the cavitation also decreases and then stops. To maintain flow rate with decreasing pressure drop, the valve will open further and expose flow paths without orifices. The orifices are not needed at this flow condition because cavitation has stopped.
Revision Date: 8/3/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 221118 - Other Electric Power , Flowserve, Valve, Actuator, Boiler Feedwater System, High Performance Valve, Cavitation, Noise, Vibration
Sick supplies NDIR to measure SO3 and H2SO4
The Sick NDIR can measure SO3 In real time with accuracy withn 2% of wet methods. It has been used on a coal fired boiler in the U.S. since 2010
Revision Date: 6/11/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Hydrodesulfurization Unit, SO3 Monitoring, Continuous Emissions Monitor
MKS recommends best HCl monitoring practice
MKS recommends best practice to meet EPA draft rule 18
Revision Date: 3/31/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , MKS Instruments, HCl, Monitoring
PCME Forward light scatter analyzer measures mass on wet stacks
A number of PCME mass particulate monitors using the forward light scatter method are in use on coal fired boilers
Revision Date: 3/31/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , PCME, Mass Monitor, Analyzer, Monitoring, USA
TDL provides accurate HCl measurement
Gary Cacciatore of CEMTEK told the EUEC audience that there are challenges in measuring HCL but the TDL monitor is meeting them and can meet EPA draft regulation 18
Revision Date: 3/31/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , CEMTEK Environmental, Analyzer, Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy, HCl, Monitoring, USA
95% SO2 removal with DSI, SDA combination
The EUEC paper by Gerald Hunt of Lhoist demonstrates that with SORBOCAL, a high surface lime hydrate it is possible to achieve 95% SO2 removal with a combination of SDA, Cyclone, DSI , and fabric filter. DSI can be used in varying quantities and locations to achieve the needed SO2 removal to meet MATS and MACT
Revision Date: 3/18/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , McIlvaine, Lime, Dry Sorbent Injection
B&W Mitagent improves halogen use to oxidize mercury (EUEC 2015)
Summary: *Mitagent reduces injection cost for Iodine by 30‐50% while providing same 90+% Hg oxidation levels * Mitagent further improves Hg oxidation by 20‐30% for low Bromine application rates (25 ppm or less) * Mitagent reduces application rates by 30‐50% for high Bromine addition rates (>100 ppm), and therefore associated corrosion risks * Mitagent use results in significant operating cost reduction by reducing halogen usage * On going long‐term testing indicates no negative effect on boiler or AQCS performance
Revision Date: 2/25/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , Babcock & Wilcox, Bromide, Halogen, Mercury, Chemicals, Mercury Removal
ABB demonstrated the advantages of ICOS for HCl measurement at EUED
Summary Proved accurate and reliable measurement at 1ppm HCl Demonstrated compatibility with 100:1 dilution system Optimizing response time of system using glass coated or chemically treated materials makes sense, but… …unless analyzer is installed close to sample probe, injecting dry test gas into the system on daily basis makes little sense Shown that 95% step change in under 15 min. can very likely be achieved using vaporized liquid standards (i.e. HovaCal) Illustrated importance of H2O to validate HCl measurement Speed and accuracy of ABB Off-Axis ICOS analyzer is extraordinary considering no field calibration was performed
Revision Date: 2/25/2015
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , ABB, Analyzer, Continuous Emissions Monitor, Hydrogen Chloride
Silica Scale problems Occur in Western U.S., Southern Europe and pacific Rim
The solubility of amorphous silica is important to the operation of water-dominated production processes. In areas such as Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, parts of California, southern Europe, the Pacific Rim and Latin America, the water used for industrial applications contains high silica concentrations (50 parts per million [ppm] to 100 ppm, expressed as silicon dioxide [SiO2]). These concentrations result from quartz (crystalline SiO2) dissolution from rock formations into the groundwater. The potential for silica-scale deposition poses serious problems in water with a high dissolved silica content. In fact, silica-scale problems could be termed the Gordian Knot of water treatment," such problems are extremely difficult to resolve. Personnel responsible for power plants, evaporative cooling systems, semiconductor manufacturing and geothermal systems must monitor water silica levels very closely. Silica precipitation/deposition frequently is encountered in evaporative cooling systems, where salt concentrations increase through partial evaporation of the cooling water. Silica solubility in water generally is 150 ppm to 180 ppm, depending on water chemistry and temperature. This imposes severe limits on water users, leading either to operation at very low cycles of concentration and consuming enormous amounts of water, or to use of chemical water treatment techniques that prevent silica-scale formation and deposition.
Revision Date: 1/6/2012
Tags: 221118 - Other Electric Power , 334413 - Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing , Silica Scale, Water Treatment, Chemical Processing