GAS TURBINE & RECIPROCATING ENGINE
DECISIONS UPDATE
December 6, 2016
McIlvaine Company
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Can the
New Administration find the Middle Ground on Global Warming?
ABB
presents the Power of Intelligent Use of Plant Data at POWER-GEN Asia
Ultrapure
Water Discussion Group Updates in LinkedIn
CCR and
ELG Discussion Group Updates in LinkedIn
Participate in the LinkedIn Discussion Groups
It is not clear presently whether the new administration
will go to the extremes relative to global warming initiatives which were
promised during the campaign or take a less aggressive stand. The argument has
been framed about whether man causes global warming. It is unlikely that there
will be any resolution of this argument between two very polarized groups. On
the other hand, there is an approach which can at the very least shed light on
the options and possibly result in some agreement.
The approach starts with the fact that a large number of
voters are more concerned with “making America great again” in the near future
than are worried about the welfare of citizens of the planet 40 years from now.
This position varies from many who voted for Clinton. There is a difference in
moral principles which needs to recognized and addressed openly. There can be
resolution if both sides attest to the verity of the following statements:
If agreement can be reached on these statements, then there
can be a process to resolution. Those wishing to make America great again in the
short term will apply tribal values to the disproportionate impact. They will
apply a present discount to future harm which is less than many who are focused
on the future of the planet. One can argue the ethics but not the fact that the
voter is the ultimate decision maker. Therefore, some middle ground policy can
be adopted if this approach is taken.
On November 23, Mississippi Power announced it had achieved
another major milestone with electricity generated in the second gasifier at the
Kemper County energy facility by synthesis gas, or syngas, from lignite. Last
month, the company announced electricity had been generated in the first of the
facility's two gasifiers.
The company announced earlier this month it was completing
maintenance on the first gasifier at the plant, which followed six weeks of
successful syngas production including generation of the plant's first
electricity using syngas.
The remaining major milestones for the IGCC include
successful carbon capture and integration of all systems necessary for both
combustion turbines to simultaneously generate electricity with syngas. The
expected date for the plant to be placed in service is Dec. 31.
There were lots of papers and exhibits at Powergen Asia on
power plant automation. ABB’s Power Generation unit demonstrated how the
intelligent use of data now available in power plants can not only deliver a
competitive edge, but provide a solution to current and future challenges in the
power industry.
They also shared innovative strategies that show plant
owners how to lower risks in their projects, reduce costs and throughput times,
and improve asset performance and profitability by the careful collection and
analysis of plant and engineering data.
“We believe the success of our power generation customers
will be more and more supported by the intelligent use of data generated by ever
increasing connectivity of devices. The integration of those data with people
expertise and knowledge will create additional services (IoTSP) in a cycle
delivering unprecedented knowledge of the behavior and potential of their
assets,” said Marco Sanguineti, Head of Technology for ABB’s Power Generation
business unit. “The ability of ABB’s Symphony® Plus distributed
control system to add customer value by utilizing the data in their systems is
the result of our careful analysis of the evolving power generation market, and
our customers’ changing needs driven by global mega trends.”
“Asia is a region with many different players in the power
generation market,” said Manjay Khazanchi, Head of the Asia Pacific hub of ABB’s
Power Generation business unit. “A huge transformation in energy demand is
taking place globally, and the focus is now on Asia.”
Over the next two decades, Asia accounts for three-quarter
of projected global energy demand, driven by rapid industrialization, population
growth and urbanization. “While the world is moving away from coal, Asia’s
dependence on it is becoming inevitable,” Mr. Khazanchi said. “Even so, the
deployment of clean coal technology will represent more than half of total
installed capacity, ensuring higher efficiency and lower emissions from coal
generation.”
Repowering, modernizing and upgrading power plants will
prolong plant life and increase efficiency, and the emergence of these dynamics
in Asian countries opens the door to limitless opportunities for ABB, where a
commitment to ‘evolution without obsolescence’ protects customer investments.
11 November 16 Post:
Evoqua supplied CMS Energy needed with a water treatment system for the
155-megawatt Livingston Generating Station. The system had to withstand extreme
cold and satisfy stringent environmental regulations.
It also needed to meet a peaking station's intermittent need for reliable
demineralized water and NOx reduction water injection for the aeroderivative
engines.
The 200 gpm system includes:
11 November 16 Post:
Replacement CEDI improves performance, lowers cost: A large power
generating company in North America replaced a competitor's continuous
electrodeionization (CEDI) system with one from Evoqua because of module
leaking, scaling, slow delivery of replacement modules and short ten-month life.
LX-MK modules are now operating with the following benefits:
11 November 16 Post:
Mobile DI system is the answer for East Coast CHP plant. An east coast
power plant provides district heating. It originally treated raw water with its
own deionization (DI) treatment plant to supply make-up boiler feedwater used to
generate steam. Because of safety
concerns regarding handling of acid and caustic chemicals the company decided to
convert the cation vessels to zeolite softeners. Shortly after, however, the
city began to experience pipe failures caused by condensate corrosion from the
additional carbonic acid being generated in the condensed steam.
The company decided to use mobile DI trailers from Evoqua
Water Technologies to provide an immediate alternative to softened water. Four
mobile DI trailers were installed to make boiler feed water for the site. An
on-site service technician works with the energy company to ensure quality and
quantity of water is provided daily. A two-year contract is resulting in
successful delivery of high purity water at 2 MGD.
11 November 16 Post:
Xcel Energy Pueblo, CO, opts for offsite IE resin regeneration Xcel
chose deep-bed ion exchange resin-based condensate polishers. This design
typically requires a capital-intensive resin regeneration station, chemical
storage/handling, waste neutralization/disposal and plant labor. Evoqua provided
Xcel Energy with a service-based option to regenerate their condensate polisher
resin off-site at a regionally located Evoqua's regeneration facility. Off-site
regeneration services provide Xcel Energy with several cost benefits when
compared to on-site regeneration, including preservation of capital by
eliminating the need for a regeneration/neutralization system, elimination of
fluctuating costs associated with chemical and waste handling, and optimization
of manpower by keeping staff focused on Xcel’s core business.
11 November 16 Post:
A major power plant in California needed a new demineralizer, the plant
needed to meet new pH discharge requirements and treat two different types of
feed water. Reverse osmosis combined with CDI® systems from Evoqua
Water Technologies was supplied. Some years later the company upgrade to CDI-LX™
systems for several reasons:
11 November 16 Post:
FPL has a long-term agreement for boiler feedwater. Evoqua Water
Technologies and FPL entered a long-term agreement under which Evoqua provides
boiler feed water to the plant on a cost-per-1,000-gallon basis.
FPL supplies the raw water, electricity and storage tank.
Evoqua supplies the equipment and operates and maintains the plant.
This ensures a continuous supply of boiler feed water that meets FPL's
specifications of 2 megohm-cm quality water with 10 parts per billion (ppb) or
less of silica. Operation and
maintenance costs are reduced, and there is no chemical handling or disposal
required.
11 November 16 Post:
PSEG, Newark, NJ wanted to increase the water reuse capacity of the
Bergen Station plant and design a system that would treat reclaimed water and
make it pure enough to feed the station's boilers.
The installation of Evoqua Hydro-Clear filters resulted in a total reuse
capacity of up to 10,000 GPM or 14.4 million GPD. By using recycled, treated
wastewater for cooling tower makeup, in conjunction with closed loop cooling
systems, the plant saves approximately 10 million gallons of city water per
month. When Bergen Station's two combined-cycle generating units are operating,
the mobile water treatment system saves an additional 400 GPM of city water.
11 November 16 Post:
A large Southern California power utility required assistance to drain a
large cooling water intake system. The NPDES permit levels for this facility
required treatment of nickel to 6.7 ppb along with low level organic compounds
in a seawater background ionic chemistry. Evoqua supplied a system using SCU™
adsorptive media capable of reaching the desired treatment goal. Evoqua provided
a complete, service-based treatment process that included pretreatment
equipment, storage tanks, vessels containing media and activated carbon. As
well, full on-site service was performed by Evoqua safety trained personnel on a
24/7 basis during project completion.
11 November 16 Post:
A Texas utility needed to remove copper from cooling water blowdown. The
new permit requirements called for a substantially lower limit of 53 ppb copper.
Evoqua supplied a system including activated carbon added prior to the ion
exchange vessels to remove biocides and to protect the cation resin.
To increase the efficiency of the resin to remove copper, the pH of the
blowdown water was reduced to <4; following the ion exchange vessels, the pH was
increased to 6 for discharge.
11 November 16 Post:
A major power plant to be built on the west coast required water,
wastewater and drinking water treatment systems - all in a single plant
Evoqua Water Technologies provided the process design, engineering,
fabrication and supply of more than 10 integrated water treatment technologies,
including:
•
CDI-LX™ continuous electrodeionization systems
•
Memtek® microfiltration systems
•
HPD™ crystallizer
•
J-Press® dewatering systems
•
Chemical feed systems
11 November 16 Post:
Australia's Eraring Power Station, needed to treat secondary sewage from
the nearby Dora Creek municipal wastewater plant for recycle as high-quality
boiler feedwater Evoqua Water Technologies provided Eraring with a
microfiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) system to treat secondary sewage and
recycle the treated water to an existing deionizer.
Should you select static or cleanable filters? Do you need
high efficiency filters or are medium efficiency more cost effective? Do you
need special coatings for coastal and marine environments? Are membranes better
than laminates with nanofibers? Should you select synthetic or glass media?
5 December 16 Post:
There is lots of analysis already in GTRE Decisions. There is a child web
on air treatment. It has a summary power point presentation just on air filter
options. There are also recorded webinars on the subject. After you have had a
chance to review this data, we invite you to ask questions and make comments.
Also provide new case histories and white papers.
5 December 16 Post:
Advantages of coatings for Gas Turbine Air Filters.
One method to prevent fouling of gas turbines is to stop
the small contaminants that reach the machine from sticking to the compressor
blades. The use of hydrophobic and advanced fiber coated filters can stop the
sticky contaminants from reaching the compressor and therefore prevent
compressor fouling reports Steve Hiner of Clarcor in a Filtration News article.
There is a substantial difference between compressor
performances when fitted with traditional F9 filters compared with enhanced F9
filters that have hydrophobic and advanced fiber coated media.
Both filters have approximately the same fractional
efficiency when new. With traditional filters performance deteriorates between
washes. The performance of the compressor shows little deterioration over time
when media with advanced coatings were used to protect the system. The ideal
filter solution provides high efficiency (fine fibers) as well as long service
life (achieved using multi-layer composite media) that are highly pleatable to
give performance and compactness in robustly (strong media) designed units.
Operators require the filters to give predictable, reliable performance even
with changing environmental conditions; meaning filters need to handle moisture
effectively. Hydrophobic and advanced fiber coated filters have been shown to
provide this performance in the harshest conditions such as coastal, offshore
and desert installations as well as to prevent liquid corrosives from entering
the turbine, which can cause permanent damage.
6 December 16 Post:
Moving from two to three stages has significantly increased system
pressure drop but simultaneously reduced the quantity of dust reaching the
turbine by approximately 98 percent, lowering the chance of engine damage –
fouling, corrosion and erosion. To quantify this additional pressure drop, it is
agreed within the power generation industry that an increase in pressure drop of
50 Pa causes a fall in efficiency of 0.1 percent. This is the conclusion in an
article by Carlos Conti of Mann & Hummel Vokes.
Quantifying the benefit is a balance between reduced
fouling and increased pressure drop. The increased pressure drop can be
estimated to restrict performance by approximately 0.4 percent, while cutting
fouling provides a 1.2 percent improvement in output (empirical average).
Therefore, the overall result is a potential efficiency improvement of 0.8
percent. Other costs must also be considered in addition to the above.
Investment is required in the retrofit of filter chambers, consisting of
upgrades to the system housing (metal frames) to accommodate three stages of
filters, for example. However, empirical research has shown that a 37 MW turbine
operating continuously saved 2300 MWh in a year by changing from a two to a
three-stage system incorporating EPA filters.
6 December 16 Post:
Vokes Macrogen GT Duo employs a hydrophobic media that provides effective
water removal while in a study of 2 x 250 gas turbines in 2012 also showed
particle filtration to G4 or M5 efficiencies. This means that separate coalescer
and prefiltration stages are unnecessary and that the redundant filter phase can
be removed. The F9 final filters downstream from the Macrogen GT Duo system ran
for a greater number of hours and had a slightly lower pressure drop (105
against 110 Pascal) over the trial period. This result is due to the fact that
the Macrogen has not only reduced the pressure drop but, at the same time, has
increased the efficiency of prefiltration (from G4 to M5) better protecting the
final filter.
If you are a subscriber to
59D Gas Turbine Decisions, or are a utility employee you are
eligible to participate in the following LinkedIn discussions. The discussions
are a bridge between the webinars and the intelligence system which includes the
database, so you can also send us case histories and white papers. The postings
will be monitored to eliminate commercial messages which are not constructive.
The service is free of charge to any power plant in the world, so, keep in mind
that viewers might be from Asia or Africa. To join one of the discussion groups
just click on the LinkedIn group and ask to join.
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CO2
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Gas Turbine, Reciprocating Engine
Inlet Air Treatment
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McIlvaine Company
Northfield, IL 60093-2743
Tel:
847-784-0012; Fax:
847-784-0061
E-mail:
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