Mid-sized Combustion Plants
In the Netherlands requirements for mid-sized combustion plants are set down in the Activities Decree. The Decree gives emission limit values (ELV) for NOx, SOx, PM and CxHy (based on best available techniques) and gives provisions on maintenance.
Scope
The Activities Decree is applicable for installations with a nominal capacity more than 400 kW; for biomass installations applies the Activities Decree irrespective the nominal capacity. For gas turbines and stationary engines there is no minimum input rate. The ELVs are dependent on the type of plant (boiler, engine or gas turbine) and the type of fuel used (solid, liquid or gaseous). New plants must meet the ELVs immediately. Existing plants must meet the limit values from 2017.
In the Netherlands an increase of the use of biomass is expected. For that reason ELVs are given for the use of biomass in for example wood-fired boilers en bio-oil fired engines.
Emission limit values with SCR
An important part of Activities Decree are the ELVs for NOx for natural gas fired stationary engines. In Activities Decree ELV is further sharpened to 100 mg/Nm3. This ELV plays an important role in reducing the industrial NOx emissions. About 10% of the electricity in the Netherlands is generated by gas engines in a CHP-application (Combined Heat and Power). To meet the ELV an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) is needed. In the Netherlands SCR is considered as BAT. This technieque is often applied in In the green house horticulture.
Monitoring requirements
The monitoring requirements are performed by separate measurements. For boilers a single set of measurements is required after the ELVs have come into force. Measurements at engines and gas turbines are also required after the ELVs have come into force, and measurements should be repeated every four years. Measurements should be performed by an accredited laboratory. However for certain NOx abatement techniques continuous measurements are required. Continuous measurements should meet the requirements of the quality assurance standard EN-14181. The background information is given by the Manual Measurement of air emissions.
ELV's
|
Installation |
NOx |
Dust |
SO2 |
CxHy |
|
Boiler (Biomass) <400kWn |
300 |
40 |
200 |
|
|
Boiler (l) 400kW - 1MW |
120 |
20 |
200 |
|
|
Boiler (Biomass) 400kW - 1MW |
300 |
40 |
200 |
|
|
Boiler (natural gas) 400kW - 1MW |
70 |
200 |
||
|
Boiler (s) ≥1 MW(n) |
100 |
5 |
200 |
|
|
Boiler (l) ≥1 MW(n) |
120 |
5 |
200 |
|
|
Boiler (Biomass) 1 - 5 MWth |
200 |
20 |
200 |
|
|
Boiler (Biomass) ≥5 MWth |
145 |
5 |
200 |
|
|
Boiler (g) ≥1 MW(n) |
70 |
200 |
||
|
Diesel engine (l) |
450 |
50 |
200 |
|
|
Gasengine (g) |
100 |
200 |
1500 |
|
|
Gasengine (biogas or <2,5MWth) |
340 |
200 |
||
|
Gasturbine (l) |
140 |
15 |
200 |
|
|
Gasturbine (g) |
140 |
200 |
Emission limit values: s:mg/Nm3 @ 6 vol%O2; l+g:mg/Nm3 @ 3 vol% O2
MWth: Thermal input rate in MW
MWn: Nominal heat output in MW
Bob Mcilvaine
President, Mcilvaine Company
847 784 0012 ext 112
rmcilvaine@mcilvainecompany.com